Analysis of South Korea’s Foreign Policy: “New Southern Policy Plus” in ASEAN During the COVID-19 Pandemic (2020-2021)

Analisis Kebijakan Luar Negeri Korea Selatan “New Southern Policy Plus” di ASEAN Pada Masa Pandemi COVID-19 (Tahun 2020-2021)

Abstract

This study aims to analyze the implementation of South Korea’s foreign policy, the New Southern Policy Plus (NSP Plus), in ASEAN during the COVID-19 pandemic from November 2020 to December 2021. The study finds that the motives behind the launch of NSP Plus were influenced by both domestic and international factors, including emerging global crises or issues, the socio-economic conditions of society, government structure and accountability, as well as the personal backgrounds and perspectives of decision-makers. Additionally, the implementation of NSP Plus involved adjustments in South Korea-ASEAN cooperation to address the health and socio-economic challenges arising from the pandemic. This research employs the concepts of foreign policy and international cooperation to answer the research question, as both frameworks effectively explain the policy’s implementation. The findings indicate that the launch of NSP Plus was South Korea’s strategic move to sustain and strengthen its cooperation with ASEAN, which had been previously established through the New Southern Policy (NSP). This is evident in the continued adherence to the three community pillars—People, Peace, and Prosperity. Furthermore, South Korea-ASEAN cooperation within the framework of NSP Plus follows an absolute gain approach, with a particular focus on health and economic partnerships.