Analisis Global Value Chain pada Komoditas Ekspor Rumput Laut di Pulau Lombok, Nusa Tenggara Barat dalam Memasuki Pasar Tiongkok

Abstract

The West Nusa Tenggara province in Indonesia is among one of the largest producers of seaweed and part of the strategic road map for international seaweed export. The purpose of this study is to find out how activities from upstream to downstream, competitiveness, upgrading and synergy between actors involved in the production and marketing process of Lombok Island seaweed enter the Chinese market. The conceptual framework used in this study is the global value chain, with 4 dimensions of analysis, namely: (1) governance, (2) competitiveness, (3) upgrading, and (4) synergy between actors. The research methodology used in this research is descriptive using a qualitative approach where data is collected from interviews, documentation and library research, as well as analyzed by analytical the model of Miles and Huberman. The results of this study indicate that the type of value chain formed is buyer-driven and the form of governance is a captive value chain. The competitiveness of seaweed commodities on the island of Lombok, West Nusa Tenggara lies in the amount of production, types of seaweed produced, low import tariffs, and high international currency exchange rates in Indonesia. The types of upgrading that have been carried out are product upgrading by seaweed farmers, then the upgrading process by PT Asia Sejahtera Mina Tbk in cooperation with the government of West Nusa Tenggara Province. The form of synergy between actors is disciplined support that is formed at the international, national, and local levels.